Current status*:
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Listed – Bega Valley Shire Council Local
Environment Plan Schedule 5 (I227)
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Name of item:
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Panboola
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Former name/s:
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Pambula Recreation Reserve;
Pambula Showground; Pambula Racecourse;
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Item type:
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Landscape.
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Item group/collection:
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Recreation and Entertainment.
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Item category:
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Other - Landscape – Cultural.
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Street number:
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Street name:
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Munje Street
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Suburb/town:
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Pambula
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Local Government Area:
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Bega Valley Shire Council
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Property description:
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Lot 1, DP 1064736; Lot 7010, DP
1020049
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Owner category:
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Mixed – partially private,
partially public.
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Current use:
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Wetlands reserve, waterbird
sanctuary and passive recreational facility.
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Former use/s:
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Town recreation ground and sporting
facility; farming / grazing land.
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| Grand stand, 2006.
© Angela George.
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Grand stand, 2006.
© Angela George.
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Grand stand, 2006.
© Angela George.
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Grand stand, 2006.
© Angela George.
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| Unidentified group on race course grand stand,
Pambula.
Courtesy of the George Family Collection.
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Statement of significance:
The old Pambula Recreation Reserve site has
an inherent cultural significance to the local community through its lengthy
use by the residents of the district for leisure activities for more than 120
years. Sporting organisations in Australia generally, and in small rural
towns in particular are perhaps the best example of popular culture and the
racecourse wetlands site had had a long and important association with these
bodies as well as with other community organisations. As an extant example of
a 19th and 20th century public reserve, the site is
important in demonstrating the processes of public reserve creation and
management in the time since its dedication. Through its use by many local
sporting and community groups over a 120 year time span, it is socially
significant to the community. The ground has at some point or another been
used by or connected to virtually all sporting and community organisations in
the town, a relationship that existed from its dedication in 1880 right
through to departure of the Imlay District Jockey Club in 1997. The area was
home to most local sporting ovals, pitches, courts and facilities, providing
evidence of an ongoing recreational relationship with the residents of the
district. Even today it remains important to the community through the
continuing utilization of the site as a passive recreational facility. The
number of heritage buildings, structures and facilities present on the ground
give the site an historical significance. This extant built heritage is a
tangible reminder of the development of sporting, recreation and agricultural
activities and practices in the Pambula district, standing as important
reminders of the socially and culturally significant roles these groups have
played in the history of the local community. As a site it has seen several
phases of sporting and recreational activity since its dedication in 1880,
and continues to demonstrate this use as both an active and a passive
recreational facility today. The old Pambula Recreation Reserve is the source
of a vast array of family, community and cultural memories, and as such,
represents an important link between the generations. The reserve is
important as a representation of the integral role sporting groups have
played in local society and beyond. So too is the lengthy association of the
Pambula A. H. and P. Society with the site important, in that it is
indicative of the vital role agriculture and agricultural practices have
played in the economy and development local district. The reserve is an important
symbol of the development of Pambula and the move from struggling to eek out
an existence through to a phase of life where the population had become
sufficiently established and prosperous to turn their attention towards
leisure and recreation. As such it is closely linked with the development and
economic progress of the Pambula district. It is also representative of the
forethought of the town’s early civic leaders both in the initial
establishment of the reserve and in its subsequent maintenance. This
forethought continues to be demonstrated today through its ongoing management
and use as a passive recreational facility and in its recognition as an area
of local environmental importance. The reserve is an important extant example
of the local response to the need for areas of public recreation and this
continues today both as a site recognised for its historical importance and
as a public recreational amenity. The wetlands is an important habitat for a
diversity of wildlife and is thus recognised as being of scientific/research
significance because of the many bird, animal and plant species inhabiting
the area. There is also considered to be strong archaeological potential on
the site through both Aboriginal use and subsequent European occupation.
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Level of significance:
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Local
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| Show pavilion, 2006. © Angela George. |
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| Pavilion, southern entrance, 2006. © Angela George. |
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| Pavilion, northern entrance, 2006.
© Angela George.
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Western side of pavilion, 2006.
© Angela George.
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Lodge brethren in front of the pavilion, C. 1910. Courtesy of the George Family Collection. |
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| Cattle judging at Pambula Show, C. 1920’s. Courtesy of the George Family Collection. |
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| Pambula Show, 1921. Courtesy of the George Family Collection. |
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| Pambula Show C. 1964, with the pavilion in the
background. © The estate of A. C. (“Bubby”) George. |
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Woodchop at Pambula Show, C. 1968. The grand stand can be seen in the background. © The estate of A. C. (“Bubby”) George. |
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Cattle were paraded in the centre of the race course
at the Pambula Show. © The estate of A. C. (“Bubby”) George. |
Description:
Designer:
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Builder:
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Grand stand and pavilion built
by Job Koerber;
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Physical description:
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Flat area of marshy wetland
surrounded by grazing and farm land. Remnants of the site’s previous use as
the town recreation reserve include a racetrack, stables, pavilion,
grandstand, stewards rooms, judges box, bar and cafeteria and toilet block
(note that the area included in the study does include some areas now in
private ownership). The pavilion is a corrugated iron clad building with
gable roof, also of corrugated iron. Five sky lights are spaced along the
roof on the eastern side. The structure stands approximately nine foot to the
gutter line. Four timber framed weatherboard shutters along the eastern and
western walls cover window openings, and are hinged from the top. These
windows are unglazed and the shutters would have been propped open with a stick
when necessary. Double timber doors are located at the northern and southern
end of the building. There is also evidence that there may have been two
additional single doors or shutter windows at the northern and southern ends
of the building. The structure is unlined inside, and now appears to have an
earth floor, although it is known that a timber floor was installed in 1923.
This building also had a supper room at the northern end. Oral history
suggests that this would have been either a partially enclosed area in the
corner of the building or a small addition tacked on to the end of the main
structure. Because no interior inspection could be undertaken, this could not
be confirmed from built evidence inside the structure.
A row of timber framed pole,
slab, weatherboard and corrugated iron stables running in an approximately
north-south direction are located to the north of the pavilion. Date of
construction of these are unknown, but are believed to be late in the history
of the area (C. 1950’s?).
To the east of the pavilion is a
concrete block stewards’ room with flat corrugated iron roof and aluminium
framed windows. A large satellite dish stands on the roof. It makes no
positive contribution to the site.
Further east again is the
grandstand, a weatherboard structure standing approximately 15 feet in height
to the gutter line. The exterior walls of the building are clad in 6 inch
splayed weatherboard, above which is walling of tongue and groove pine
(possibly Baltic?) lining boards. The building has a corrugated iron gable
roof with decorative timber barge boards and finial, pendant and bracket
features, all also of timber, on the eastern and western ends. The roof is
supported on four simple tall hardwood timber posts along the front and
another four along the rear of the building. The interior is comprised of a
tiered seating / step arrangement of eight levels in six by one inch hardwood
boards. The overall structure is approximately 30 foot overall length by 21
foot in width.
The judges’ stand, located to
the east of the grand stand, is an asbestos fibro sheet structure on timber
posts. It is another late addition to the site and makes no positive
contribution.
Two other concrete block built
corrugated iron roofed structures stand on the site, one of which contains
the toilet block and the other which was constructed for the cafeteria and
bar. Neither are assessed as having any heritage significance and make no
positive contribution to the site.
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Physical condition:
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Construction date/s:
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Reserve dedicated 1880;
racetrack constructed 1891; grand stand constructed 1898/99; pavilion erected
1902; stables unknown (C. 1950’s?); judges box C. 1960’s; concrete block bar
and cafeteria, toilet block and stewards rooms C. 1970’s.
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Modifications and dates:
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1893 and 1900 additional land
added; grand stand enlarged and improved 1904; pavilion alterations and
additions, 1923 and 1937;
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Further comments:
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Many other buildings and
facilities stood on the site over the years. Approximately 14 to 15 feet in a
westerly direction from the newer concrete block bar and cafeteria building
was the Publican’s Booth, of weatherboard construction. North from the race
track straight and approximately 15 feet from the location of the old
Publican’s Booth stood the original stables and saddling paddock. The parade
ring, to which point winning horses were brought after races, was located on
the grassed area at the western end of the grand stand. On show days, “side
show alley” was accommodated in the area behind the stewards’ room, between
it and the road. Again on show days, the area in the centre of the race track
was utilised for the show ground, parade ring and horse jumping events. The
same area was the location of the cricket and football grounds, with the
cricket pitch visible up until just a few years ago. No evidence could be
found of it, however, on a recent inspection of the site.
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Race track winning post.
© Angela George.
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Race day at Pambula, C. 1960, showing the winning post
in the background and the original judges stands to the left. © The estate of A. C. (“Bubby”) George. |
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View of the race track from the grandstand, C.1960. © The estate of A. C. (“Bubby”) George. |
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The Jockey Club’s saddling paddock, C. 1960, which was located approximately just north of the present toilet block. © The estate of A. C. (“Bubby”) George. |
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The jockey club’s parade ring, located on the
grassed area at the western end of the grand stand. Then club president Jack Martin is pictured with the microphone. © The estate of A. C. (“Bubby”) George. |
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The publican’s booth, which stood approximately 14 to
15 metres in a westerly direction from the newer concrete block bar and kiosk. © The estate of A. C. (“Bubby”) George. |
History:
Historical notes: The old
Pambula Recreation Reserve has a long connection with the town and many of
the organisations that have, over the years, existed in the district. Among
those are the Pambula District Jockey Club, Pambula Pony and Galloway Club,
Pambula Proprietary Racing Club, Pambula Greyhound Racing Club, Pambula
Football Club, Pambula Cricket Club, Pambula Athletic Club, Pambula Rifle
Club, Pambula Sporting Club, Pambula A. H. and P. Society, Pambula Public
School and the Grand United Order of Oddfellows, Manchester Unity.
The original fifty acres of Pambula’s Recreation Reserve
was dedicated by the Governor of NSW on
By 1885, “…an expensive
pavilion…” had been erected and a writer pointed out that “…Pambula folks are partial to good wholesome
sport and recreation, and it is therefore not surprising that they keep their
pretty trysting ground in good order and provided with the necessary
building…” A local correspondent writing in 1889 said that the recreation
ground contained “…some 50 acres all level as a bowling green, and within
easy walking distance of the town on one side, and the river and boats and
boathouses on the other. Ten acres of this ground are fenced off for cricket
and all athletic sports, and upon which is erected a strong, serviceable pavilion
built by the Government through the agency of the Pambula Progress
Committee.” It is not known where this pavilion structure stood on the site,
but no known evidence of it exists today.
In 1891, in order to minimise flooding on the reserve, an
embankment was raised to prevent the encroachment of the tide. Nonetheless,
located as it was on a marshy flood plain, nothing could prevent the almost
annual inundations. Just prior to the 1891 race meeting, the embankment gave
way, but it was repaired in time for the race meeting that year. A reporter
pointed out “…by next year, with the expenditure of a few pounds the course
can be made equal to anything in the colony.” Tenders were called in January
the following year for “…about 17 chains of embankment on Racecourse” and in
November 1893 Mr. Hamilton was deputed by the jockey club to wait on the
trustees of the reserve “…with a view to having improvements made to the dam
on the course”. The Trustees of the ground had previously made application
for a grant of £100 for the purpose of permanently repairing the dam and
making it capable of resisting floods in the future, and empowered Mr.
Hamilton to spend the funds in hand for the purpose. The same month, the
Pambula Progress Association resolved to apply for a similar grant, pointing
out “…the necessity…at the present time
in order to protect the reserve from being damaged by the tide.” Mr. W. Cole
in 1968 recalled “Because of tidal influences an extensive retaining
wall had to be built and Vic Hart’s father worked on this with his horse and
dray for many months.”
In 1893 £30 sterling was made available by the Secretary of Lands
“…for improvements to the Marsh Recreation Reserve, Pambula” and in 1897, a
further £40 was set aside from the Lands Department’s Park Vote for the
Pambula Recreation Reserve. The same year the Progress Association decided to
request that the Works department have the local road super draw up a plan,
with estimated costs, for draining the ground. In 1902, a special grant of
£15 from the annual State Vote for the improvement of public parks was received
by the trustees of the ground, with an additional £7 received from the same source in 1915.
The cricket club would appear to
be one of the earliest sporting organisations formed in Pambula and was one
of the activities specifically mentioned on the grant for the reserve land.
Pambula was participating in inter-town matches by 1882, and by 1893, the
cricket ground on the reserve was being referred to as “…the old wicket…” Initially,
matches were played on an ad hoc basis, but when the Southern Counties
Cricket Association was established competitions became more organised. When
Pambula first partook in these, they did so in a combined Eden District Team,
playing for the Denham Trophy. By 1899, Pambula was fielding both senior and
junior teams in the Association competition. By
1915, the Pambula Cricket Club had erected a pavilion on the reserve,
although the exact location of this is not known. The wicket was situated in
the area now surrounded by the track fence of the old Pambula race track. Up
until a few years ago, evidence remained of this, but with ongoing flooding,
no trace could be found during a recent inspection of the site. As well as
being one of the first organised clubs to utilise the old recreation reserve,
Pambula Cricket Club was also amongst the first to make the move away from
the old ground. When a new sporting oval was made available by Mr J.
H. Martin in the early 1920's, the cricket club was the first body to put the
new ground to use. They laid a concrete pitch in 1923, and by December that
year had it ready for use. In 1928, the club pulled down their shed on the
old Recreation Reserve, and re-erected it on the new ground, ending more than
half a century of association with the old Pambula Recreation Reserve.
The organisation perhaps most
readily associated today with the old recreation reserve is the jockey club.
Originally a course had been located approximately three-quarters of a mile
from the Roan Horse Inn along the Bombala Road, with the first races believed
to have been held there in March 1858. By 1860, they had become an annual
event, but although this was a popular track, it was not considered
particularly satisfactory. When the jockey club was reformed in 1889, it was
referred to as “…long defunct…” That year, the group made application to the
Government for a suitable racecourse site, and by December 1890, plans were
well under way for horse racing to recommence in the Pambula district. With
By 1898, the jockey club had
begun to look at erecting the buildings necessary for their meetings, but as
with other organisations that used the site, were concerned about
restrictions on removal of buildings from the reserve once they had been
erected. As a result, in 1898, the club purchased between two and three acres
of adjoining private land upon which to erect their facilities. Tenders were
called in October for the construction of a grand stand and saddling paddock
and local builder Job Koerber’s tender of £75 was accepted. In May the
following year, a ball was held to raise funds for the new building and it
was reported after the 1899 annual race meeting that “Improvements,
especially the new grandstand, made for the comfort of spectators” which, numbering
about 650 on the first day and 350 on the second day, was a record
attendance. In 1903 a committee stand and publican’s booth were erected,
whilst the grandstand was enlarged and improved in 1904, again by Job
Koerber. 1927 was a big year for the annual races, with a local newspaper
reporting that “It is expected that between 40 and 50 race horses will be in
Pambula in a few days for the annuals.
The committee are put to test to find stalls for them. It has been necessary to interview
householders for the use of sheds…and steps have been taken to put them in
order. The club will early in the new
year seriously consider the matter of erecting a number of stalls.” Further improvements to the club’s
facilities were carried out in 1937, including concreting the offices
underneath the grand stand and erecting a new observation stand for the
stipendiary steward alongside the judge’s box. Mr. W. Cole recalled in
1968 “Because of the soft springy nature of the track it was a popular race
track with jockeys and trainers alike.
The annual Race Carnival on Boxing Day was always a great
attraction…Pambula Races were always a great district attraction bringing
crowds from as far distant as the Monaro.
Horses used to train for weeks prior to the meeting being stabled at
the hotels and on private properties.
Eventually the local Jockey Club built stables at the top end of
Quondola Street…The Jockey Club was a well-to-do club and put up good prize
money. There was a “smithy” adjacent
to the stables (Cousemacker’s) and a great sight to see the horses and
jockeys going down to the track for their early morning gallop, the sound of
which could be heard all over town.
The Royal Hotel had extensive stables, more so than the Commercial.”
Flooding and tidal inundations were a frequent problem
for the jockey club, with many a race meeting being affected right up until
their recent move to the Kalaru track. It was reported in 1903 that “…The two day’s meeting on December 26 and 27 passed off
very satisfactorily considering that a week previous to the races the whole
of the course was covered with water to a depth of 4 ft in some places on the
running; and no doubt the rumour that was spread to the effect that we
intended postponing the meeting did us a lot of damage…” That year, with
numerous improvements carried out, including raising the low part of the
course, it was reported that almost 1,000 people attended of the first day
and about 600 on the second “…including a large proportion of ladies.”
Horse racing continued at
Pambula for more than 100 years, until the final Boxing Day track meet was
held in 1997. After that, all the district clubs moved their events to the
newly established $5 million facility at Kalaru, ending a long and important
era of horse racing on the old Marsh Race Track as it was originally known.
The jockey club was not the only horse racing
organisation to use the site. Others included the Pambula Pony and Galloway
Club, formed in June 1897; the Pambula Proprietary Racing Club, in 1912; the
Pambula Picnic Race Club, in 1917; and the Pambula Trotting Club, in 1921.
The
Pambula Athletic Club, founded around 1885, was another organisation that was
based on the recreation reserve. The group held their second annual meeting
in March 1886, which was described as “…a
decided success. The weather was all
that could be desired, the attendance fair, and the ground in good order…” A
similar event was organised in 1888, with events such as a maiden plate,
youth’s race, boy’s race, Pambula Sheffield handicap, member’s handicap,
three legged race, hurdle race and flying handicap being held, and “…Sir
Joseph Bank’s rules adhered to as far as practicable.” By 1897, the group had
ceased top function, but in May that year a meeting at the Commercial Hotel
“…unanimously decided that a club be
formed, with a membership fee of 5 shillings per annum…” A report said that a
“…strong working committee was appointed and a liberal programme of sports…
was drafted to be run off on the Pambula. Recreation Ground on the 29th May.”
The first meet, held on May 29, was described as “…a success in every
respect…” With about 250 people in attendance, tracks were prepared on the
racecourse, near the grandstand. The following year, a similar sports day was
held, and by 1900, it had become an annual event. That year the Commonwealth
Handicap was added to the programme and new tracks were constructed, which
were “…in first class order though perhaps a trifle soft...” A 1903 meeting
decided to disband the old organisation and in its stead form a new
association to be called the “Pambula Sporting Club” with the object “…to
give more variety to the programme with the hope of arousing more public
interest in the proceedings...” A schedule drafted for the Easter Monday 1903
meet included both horse and foot racing, but it was found necessary to
abandon part of the programme when it was discovered that horses and their
owners competing at advertised unregistered meetings were subject to
disqualification. Nonetheless, a handicap trot and hack race both still took
place.
The Pambula Rifle Club also occupied the recreation
reserve site during its early years. It started life as the Pambula Civilian
Rifle Club in 1893, and that year, one dozen rifles were issued by the
Military Staff Office. In July a code of rules was adopted and after
receiving ammunition, target practice commenced on a range erected near the
race course on the Recreation Reserve site. Two years later the club was
transformed to become a Volunteer Reserve Corps and in November that year
Lieutenant Bradbury visited Pambula for the purposes of enrolling members.
Regulations stated that men had to be of good physique, not less than five
foot six inches in height, with a chest measurement of not less than 34
inches, had to pass a medical test and take the oath of allegiance. At the
first enrolment meeting, 17 members were accepted. In October 1896, Drill Sergeant Winterton of Bega was in
Pambula putting the local Reservists through a week’s course of drill and
musketry. The following month, about 20 members of the No. 3 Company Bega
Mounted Rifles arrived to give a military display on the reserve and early
the next year, Staff Sergeant Winterton returned to put the local Reserve
Rifle Company through their second course of instruction. By 1899,
the organisation had ceased to exist, but in 1903, a meeting was held at the
Club Hotel for "...the purpose of reforming the Pambula Civilian Rifle
Club". Almost 30 names were submitted, and with more joining soon after,
an announcement appeared in the Government Gazette in May 1904 that formation
of the Pambula Civilian Rifle Club had been approved. In January, Regimental Sergeant Major Messenger visited
to report on the proposed site which originally was to encompass portions of
both the recreation reserve and the town common, but eventually, without
permission from the reserve trustees, the range was moved entirely onto the
common and in 1904 it was reported that “…the local Rifle Club is going to be
successfully ‘floated’…”
Yet another of the many sporting and recreational
organisations to use the old recreation reserve was the local football club.
Pambula's football beginnings lay in a small item in the local newspaper in
July 1896 and following a keen reaction from the community, a public meeting
was called at which it was unanimously decided to start a club under Rugby
rules. Most of those present joined immediately and the first practice took
place on the reserve in August with the club adopting navy blue and white
colours. The only other local football clubs at that time were Bega, Bombala,
Candelo and Yowaka. The latter was formed just a week before Pambula and it
was against that team that the local players had their first official match
in September 1896. With Mr R. Ashworth as umpire, the home team defeated
Yowaka eleven points to nil in front of a about 200 spectators. A return
match played on
Formed in 1902, the Pambula Agricultural,
Horticultural and Pastoral Society arranged to hold a show the following
year, with their headquarters also being the recreation reserve. Estimating
that their first show would cost £300, about 60 names of intending members
were handed in and on September 13, the society met to elect officers. As
with other organisation, the conditions stating that buildings, once erected
on the reserve, could not be removed, concerned the society, so John Martin
Senior offered to let the organisation part of his paddock adjoining the
reserve at nominal rent. Tenders were awarded to J. A. McDonald (£22/10/-)
for yards and Job Koerber (£90) for the pavilion, the latter continuing to
stand on the site today. The A. H. and P. Society also made use of the jockey
club’s grandstand and the paddock adjoining it, as well as the race track,
whilst the judging ring, parade ground and show jumping were all in the
centre portion of the track. Yards for cattle, pigs and other livestock were
also erected over the years and in 1923, tenders were called to lay a floor
in the pavilion. Once again, that of Job Koerber’s for £75/10/- was accepted and in 1937, he
was further awarded the contract for alterations and additions to the same
building. By 1939, the Pambula Show Society had begun planning a move to the
new town Pambula sports ground (now known as Jack Martin Park) and the Imlay
Shire Council applied for a grant to assist with relocation of buildings.
However, World War II intervened and it was to be more than thirty years
before the move was realised. At the opening of the 1971 show, Mr Maugher MLA
and Mr Tom Lewis, NSW Minister for Lands, announced a $5,000 grant to the
society to finally achieve the long planned relocation from the old Pambula
Recreation Reserve to the new ground closer to the township. 1975 finally saw
the first show at its new home.
From the early 1930’s, a number of local greyhound racing
enthusiasts trained their dogs on the reserve and in 1937 a Greyhound
Coursing Club was formed. In March that year, the jockey club granted use of
their course for the new club’s events, but finally, with the many rules and
regulations that had to met in order to secure a license, the idea fell by
the wayside. Nonetheless, local dog owners continued to use the ground for
training purposes, racing their animals at various other courses including
one that operated at nearby Bega.
Over the years, portions of the recreation reserve were
also leased to local farmers for grazing purposes, whilst the venue was also
used for a range of other social and cultural activities, including school
sports days and picnics, Oddfellows Lodge functions and town gatherings,
picnics and parades. This long running association is being continued today
through its use as a wetlands reserve and passive recreational facility.
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Lodge gathering at the recreation reserve, C. 1900. Courtesy of the George Family Collection. |
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The local Volunteer Reserve Corps on the Pambula
Recreation Reserve. Courtesy of the George Family Collection. |
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Pambula Volunteer Reserve Corps training on the old
recreation reserve. Courtesy of the George Family Collection. |
Themes:
Australian theme:
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New South Wales theme:
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Local theme:
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1: Tracing the natural evolution of Australia
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Environment – naturally evolved.
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3: Developing local, regional and national
economies
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Agriculture
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3: Developing local, regional and national
economies
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Commerce
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3: Developing local, regional and national
economies
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Environment – cultural landscapes
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3: Developing local, regional and national
economies
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Events
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3: Developing local, regional and national
economies
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Industry
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3: Developing local, regional and national
economies
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Pastoralism
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3: Developing local, regional and national
economies
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Technology
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3: Developing local, regional and national
economies
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Transport
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4: Building settlements, towns and cities
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Towns, suburbs and villages
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4: Building settlements, towns and cities
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Land tenure
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5: Working
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Labour
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6: Educating
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Education
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7: Governing
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Defence
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8: Developing Australia’s cultural life
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Leisure
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8: Developing Australia’s cultural life
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Social institutions
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8: Developing Australia’s cultural life
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Sport
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9: Marking the phases of life
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Persons
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Pambula Cricket Club on the recreation reserve. Courtesy of the George Family Collection. |
Application criteria:
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The Pambula Cricket Club (pictured) was one of the
first organisations to utilise the recreation reserve, and also one of the first to move to the new ground closer to town. Courtesy of the George Family Collection. |
Historical significance
SHR criteria (a)
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Historical association significance
SHR criteria (b)
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Aesthetic significance
SHR criteria (c)
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Technical / Research significance
SHR criteria (e)
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Rarity
SHR criteria (f)
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Representativeness
SHR criteria (g)
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Integrity:
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Pambula Football Club, 1899. Courtesy of the George Family Collection. |
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Courtesy of the George Family Collection. |
Heritage Listings:
| Schedule 5, Bega Valley Shire Council Local Environment Plan |
Information sources / bibliography :
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Australian newspaper
Baddeley, Ben & Alma, oral communication
Baddeley Family Papers, private ownership
Bayley, W. A., A History of Bega, n.d.
Bega District News newspaper
Bega Times newspaper
Bega Valley Genealogy Society (comp.), Bega Valley Pioneer Register – Pre Federation, Bega Valley
Genealogy Society, 2002
Bega Valley Genealogy Society, Consolidated
Index to Ratepayers - Imlay Shire 1907-1958.
Behl’s Butchery, assorted business records, private ownership.
Bennett,
Joyce, oral communication
Bennett, Vida, oral communication
Brown, Stella,
oral communication
Candelo
& Eden Union newspaper
Dowling, Terry, oral communication
Dunn’s Almanac.
Eden Magnet newspaper
Farmer
and Settler newspaper
George, A. C. (“Bubby”) (comp.) History of Pambula – Old Records, Early Days
unpublished notebook
George, Allan, oral communication
George, Angela, From Bark Hut to Brick Veneer – 150 years of
Public Education at Pambula, Pambula Public School, 1999.
Hart, Denis, oral communication
Hart, Cecil, oral communication
Hart, Ron, oral communication
Higgins,
Jules (comp.) Pambula’s Colonials Days,
Merimbula-Imlay Historical Society, 1982.
A History of Lochiel Public School prepared on the occasion of the
centenary celebrations, 22nd November, 1969
Illawarra Mercury and Southern
Coast District Advertiser
newspaper
Illawarra and South Coast Steam Navigation Company handbook, 2nd
ed, 1912
Jones, Jack, oral communication
Joscelyn, Jean, oral communication
Kelly, Gwen, oral communication
Littler, Neville E., History of Group 16, 1987.
Lyons, Joyce, oral communication
Magnet – Voice newspaper
Maher, Frank, oral communication
Marshal, Gwen, oral communication
Martin family records, private ownership,
McDonald, Barry, oral
communication.
McKenzie,
J. A. S. The Twofold Bay Story, Eden
Killer Whale Museum, n.d.
Merimbula News Weekly newspaper
Mitchell, Noel, oral communication
Moore’s Almanac and NSW Country Directory
Munn, Chappie, oral communication
NAA, Series – MT 1461/1; item 31/1073/21 (Pambula Rifle Range)
NSW Government Gazette
NSW Land Title Office records
Oaklands property, Land titles, conveyances and associated records,
Kennedy and Cooke Solicitors, Merimbula, courtesy of Ian and Lyn Dunsmore
Pambula
A. H. and P. Society minute books, private ownership
Pambula Electoral Roll, 1922.
Pambula
– Rifle Range Papers, Box 149, NAA Series – SP 1008/1; item 538/45/59.
Pambula School, AONSW 5/17264.3,
Pambula Voice newspaper Pinch. Mary, oral communication
Pratt, Charlie and Gerry, oral communication
Radford, Gordon, oral communication
Raymond, Pat, oral communication
Resource Allocation and
Australian Water Technologies, for BVSC, Pambula
Racecourse Wetland Management Plan September 1998
Robinson, Frank, oral communication
Sand’s Sydney & NSW Directory.
Stafford, Ron, oral communication
Sydney Morning Herald newspaper
Town and Country Journal newspaper
Vogt, W. Stanley, Picturesque Travel Princes Highway
Bairnsdale to Bega n.d (C. 1915)
Vogt, W. Stanley, Picturesque Travel Princes Highway Bairnsdale
to Bega, 1928
Wellings,
H. P. Early Pambula, [n.d.]
Whant, Fred, oral communication
Whelan, Betty, oral communication
Wilks, Kevin, oral communication
Wilks, Shirley, oral communication
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Wetlands interpretative signage.
© Angela George.
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Author and date:
© Angela George. All rights reserved.
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2006
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